Description: The Cairn Terrier is a small, rugged dog with a shaggy coat. The dog will be 10 to 13 inches at the shoulder, and the bitch 9 to 12 inches. The male Cairn Terrier weighs between 13 and 18 pounds, and the female between 12 and 17 lbs. The Cairn has a double coat consisting of a soft, dense underlayer covered with a hard, shaggy guard coat. The coat of the Cairn Terrier is wheaten, brindle, grey, or reddish. Black and white are not considered proper coat colors for this dog. The Cairn can live to be 12 to 15 years old.

History: Originally from the Scottish highlands and the Isle of Skye, the Cairn Terrier began as a sturdy farm dog that hunted for rats and mice around the cairns, or rock piles, found where they lived. From the year 1500, these small terriers were used to hunt out the vermin that might make their home in the cairns, which often marked graves or boundaries. For larger game, such as a badger, the Cairn would hold the prey until the farmer or hunter could arrive to dispatch it.

Temperament: The Cairn Terrier is an outgoing dog that is a lively addition to any household. This dog enjoys meeting new people and especially enjoys being around his human family. The Cairn will stay close to its people and wants to interact with them as much as possible. Having developed as a hunter of small animals, the Cairn Terrier will chase cats and treat other household pets as prey animals. Early socialization can help with this. The Cairn gets along well with children, and will happily play with them.

Health Issues: Although the Cairn Terrier is generally a healthy dog, there are several problems that this breed can develop. The most common, and something that seems to be seen in a lot of terriers, is craniomandibular osteopathy. This condition makes it difficult for the Cairn puppy to eat as the jaw becomes swollen. Although alarming, the problem seems to correct itself by the time the puppy is a year old. Very rarely, surgery is needed. This breed can also suffer from the kneecap slipping off the joint, it is called slipped stiffles. Hip dysplasia is sometimes found in the Cairn.

Grooming: Although the Cairn Terrier does not shed much, the shaggy coat should be brushed at least several times a week to prevent tangles from forming. This dog will probably benefit from a bath once a month, but be sure to brush the hair while it dries. The hair around the ears and eyes can be trimmed with blunt ended scissors.

Living Condition: While the Cairn Terrier can live in an apartment, it must be remembered that this dog has a very high need for exercise. It is playful in the house, but it also needs outdoor activities to keep it sound mentally and physically. The Cairn is perfect for active people who enjoy outdoor activities and sports. Unless it is in a fenced yard, it should be kept on a leash while outside as it will chase any animal it sees.